Showing posts with label taxes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label taxes. Show all posts

Saturday, October 8, 2011

Surviving a crash with SMEs

Since the financial crisis started, a key issue in keeping the banks upright is whether the money will flow onward to support SMEs--small and medium-sized enterprises. This is where most jobs are created, not in large corporations. A sustainable economic policy therefore has to have a good SME strategy. This is another good reason for public intervention in the banking market, if financial institutions will not do it themselves, and another good reason why the kinds of institutions described in my last post should be promoted.

But as is often the case, there is a spillover effect from one policy area to another, and it is this: the price of rent (or ownership to do business). If SMEs are to survive and flourish, they need space to produce and to sell and service their products. If you go down most city streets, you'll see the same chain stores you see everywhere, because they're the only ones that can pay the rent. City councils have gotten into the habit of permitting rising rents that can only be carried by chain stores because they get more taxes. Those large companies may find themselves in a more difficult bind when it comes to raising capital if banks are allowed to fail. Inevitably, the calls will come that if the banks fail, so will H&M, C&A, Esprit and the myriad of chain stores that people wander through on an average weekend.

A smaller banking system doesn't mean that such companies will disappear, but that they may have to cut back. For SMEs to pick up the slack, rent has to be affordable. And the price of property as well. The propertied classes won't like this one bit, but they can afford to take a haircut. City councils will also suffer initially, as property tax revenue declines, but they will gain the local economies again that they once had--not exactly as it was a century ago--not the SMEs of the coal and steel age--but of the digital age. The challenge will be--what can cities do to promote creativity that pays? We are already asking this at the national level when we construct policies on banks and SMEs. The prospects for that strategy of providing credit will only go so far if it's too expensive to do business where the customer can reach it.

If the opportunity is seized to truly take the economy into the post-industrial era (large chains are industrial enterprises) in which we don't solely rely on large companies for employment, production and consumption, a crash can be a good thing. And perhaps our only hope.

Friday, December 24, 2010

Banks, debts and taxes. Tales from Hungary

As the year draws to a close, it is worth sparing a thought for who pays and should pay for the consequences of bank collapse.

Hungary is in the news this week because, amongst other things, it has announced a series of special , temporary taxes to reduce the public budget deficit. Hungary is broke and has few other options for making its debt payments. It is already raiding its pension funds, as Ireland has done.

Banks and insurance companies have been targeted for special taxes, and are now appealing to the European Commission to declare the taxes illegal. From the Hungarian perspective, taxes are now a question of survival, and there is every reason why the financial services industries who brought down the world economy and paid very low taxes during the boom years ought to pay their share of a tax increase now.  The banks are arguing that the taxes are wrong because they target them, and because many of Hungary's banks are foreign. Targeted sectoral taxes don't stand a chance of being undermined,  but if there is one thing that EU law can sink its teeth into, it is anything that disproportionately burdens foreign over domestic firms.

Banks, especially foreign ones, may find Hungary a less attractive place to do business in the future, but that is no reason to push for the end of democracy in Hungary. For that is what they are attempting to do.  When a country no longer controls its finances, its sovereignty is effectively at an end.

Hungary is yet another facet of who pays for the immediate and downstream costs of the crisis. Iceland made the banks' depositors pay. Ireland made ordinary citizens pay, refusing to bill the companies. Hungary has passed a law making businesses pay, particularly the ones who brought on the crisis. That they should share in the burden seems only fair.